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28 publications found.

CRISPR-Cas9 Structures and Mechanisms
Published: May, 2017

Abstract: Many bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems employ the dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific double-stranded breaks in target DNA. Target recognition strictly requires t...
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Osterix and RUNX2 are Transcriptional Regulators of Sclerostin in Human Bone
Published: May, 2016

Abstract: Sclerostin, encoded by the SOST gene, works as an inhibitor of the Wnt pathway and therefore is an important regulator of bone homeostasis. Due to its potent action as an inhibitor of bone formation, blocking sclerostin activity is the purpose of ...
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Aflatoxin B1 induces persistent epigenomic effects in primary human hepatocytes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
Published: May, 2016

Abstract: Chronic exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has, in certain regions in the world, been strongly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. AFB1 is a very potent hepatotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin which is frequently reported as a ...
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Mutations in GAS8, A Gene Encoding A Nexin-Dynein Regulatory Complex Subunit, Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia With Axonemal Disorganization
Published: April, 2016

Abstract: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by chronic respiratory infections of the upper and lower airways, hypofertility, and, in approximately half of the cases, situs inversus. This complex phenotype resul...
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Active and Repressive Chromatin-Associated Proteome after MPA Treatment and the Role of Midkine in Epithelial Monolayer Permeability
Published: April, 2016

Abstract: Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is prescribed to maintain allografts in organ-transplanted patients. However, gastrointestinal (GI) complications, particularly diarrhea, are frequently observed as a side effect following MPA therapy. We recently reported ...
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Histamine 1 receptor-Gβγ-cAMP/PKA-CFTR pathway mediates the histamine-induced resetting of the suprachiasmatic circadian clock
Published: March, 2016

Abstract: Background Recent evidence indicates that histamine, acting on histamine 1 receptor (H1R), resets the circadian clock in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) by increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) through the activation of Ca...
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saRNA-guided Ago2 targets the RITA complex to promoters to stimulate transcription
Published: February, 2016

Abstract: Small activating RNAs (saRNAs) targeting specific promoter regions are able to stimulate gene expression at the transcriptional level, a phenomenon known as RNA activation (RNAa). It is known that RNAa depends on Ago2 and is associated with epigen...
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ARTD1 regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis by dampening NF-κB-dependent transcription of IL-1β
Published: February, 2016

Abstract: While ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1 (ARTD1, formerly PARP1) and its enzymatic activity have been shown to be important for reprogramming and differentiation of cells, such as during adipogenesis, their role and mechanism in regula...
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RecG Directs DNA Synthesis during Double-Strand Break Repair
Published: February, 2016

Abstract: Homologous recombination provides a mechanism of DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) that requires an intact, homologous template for DNA synthesis. When DNA synthesis associated with DSBR is convergent, the broken DNA strands are replaced and r...
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TLK1B mediated phosphorylation of Rad9 regulates its nuclear/cytoplasmic localization and cell cycle checkpoint
Published: February, 2016

Abstract: The Tousled like kinase 1B (TLK1B) is critical for DNA repair and survival of cells. Upon DNA damage, Chk1 phosphorylates TLK1B at S457 leading to its transient inhibition. Once TLK1B regains its kinase activity it phosphorylates Rad9 at S328. In ...
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The transcription factor SOX6 contributes to the developmental origins of obesity by promoting adipogenesis
Published: February, 2016

Abstract: The association between impaired fetal growth and postnatal development of obesity has been demonstrated before. By comparing adipocytes differentiated from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) taken from the umbilical cord and derived from normal and gr...
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Analysis of EZH2: micro-RNA network in low and high grade astrocytic tumors
Published: January, 2016

Abstract: Enhancer of Zeste homologue2 (EZH2) is an epigenetic regulator that functions as oncogene in astrocytic tumors, however, EZH2 regulation remains little studied. In this study, we measured EZH2 levels in low (Gr-II,DA) and high grade (Gr-IV,GBM) as...
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Transducin-like enhancer of split-1 is expressed and functional in human macrophages
Published: December, 2015

Abstract: Macrophages display heterogeneous phenotypes, including the classical M1 proinflammatory and the alternative M2 anti-inflammatory polarization states. The transducin-like enhancer of split-1 (TLE1) is a transcriptional corepressor whose functions ...
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Epigenome-wide effects of vitamin D and their impact on the transcriptome of human monocytes involve CTCF
Published: December, 2015

Abstract: The physiological functions of vitamin D are mediated by its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) activating the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). The chromatin-organizing protein CTCF bound to 14% of the 1,25(OH)2...
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Standardizing chromatin research: a simple and universal method for ChIP-seq
Published: December, 2015

Abstract: Here we demonstrate that harmonization of ChIP-seq workflows across cell types and conditions is possible when obtaining chromatin from properly isolated nuclei. We established an ultrasound-based nuclei extraction method (Nuclei Extraction b...
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Evidence for Epigenetic Regulation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Interleukin-12 and Interferon Gamma, in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from PTSD Patients
Published: November, 2015

Abstract: While Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is associated with immune dysfunction, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Studies suggest a role for involvement of epigenetic mechanisms and microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we examined genome-wide hist...
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Pyruvate kinase isoform switching and hepatic metabolic reprogramming by the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
Published: November, 2015

Abstract: The environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) elicits dose-dependent hepatotoxicity that includes fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis that may progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. To further investigate these e...
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HNF1β drives glutathione (GSH) synthesis underlying intrinsic carboplatin resistance of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC)
Published: October, 2015

Abstract: Chemoresistance to platinum-based antineoplastic agents is a consistent feature among ovarian carcinomas; however, whereas high-grade serous carcinoma (OSC) acquires resistance during chemotherapy, ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is intrinsica...
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Epigenetic role of CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-Y on ID gene family in human embryonic carcinoma cells
Published: October, 2015

Abstract: Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a histone substitute protein that specifically binds to the CCAAT box of the target genes and thereby promotes their regulation. NF-Y transcription factor, with defined CCAAT element-binding activities, target a gene fam...
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A gene expression signature identifying transient DNMT1 depletion as a causal factor of cancer-germline gene activation in melanoma
Published: October, 2015

Abstract: Many human tumors show aberrant activation of a group of germline-specific genes, termed cancer-germline (CG) genes, several of which appear to exert oncogenic functions. Although activation of CG genes in tumors has been linked to promoter DNA de...
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The genetic association of RUNX3 with ankylosing spondylitis can be explained by allele-specific effects on IRF4 recruitment that alter gene expression
Published: October, 2015

Abstract: The authors sought to identify the functional basis for the genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), upstream of the RUNX3 promoter, with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). They performed conditional analysis of genetic association ...
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The mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 stimulates Epstein–Barr virus-induced B-cell transformation in in vitro and in vivo experimental models
Published: September, 2015

Abstract: Although Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is widely distributed, certain EBV-driven malignancies are geographically restricted. EBV-associated Burkitt’s lymphoma (eBL) is endemic in children living in sub-Saharan Africa. This populat...
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Assessment of global and gene-specific DNA methylation in rat liver and kidney in response to non-genotoxic carcinogen exposure
Published: September, 2015

Abstract: Altered expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, which is regulated in part at the level of DNA methylation, is an important event involved in non-genotoxic carcinogenesis. This may serve as a marker for early detection of non-genotoxic...
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Regulatory role of PAK1 and CtBP1 in muscle chromatin
Published: September, 2015

Abstract: Researchers in this article showed that the co-repressor CtBP1 is present on the myogenin promoter with repressive histone marks. They found that preventing CtBP1 Ser158 phosphorylation induces CtBP1 accumulation in the nuclei and abrogates the ac...
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The Deacetylase Sirtuin 1 Regulates Human Papillomavirus Replication by Modulating Histone Acetylation and Recruitment of DNA Damage Factors NBS1 and Rad51 to Viral Genomes
Published: September, 2015

Abstract: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) regulate their differentiation-dependent life cycles by activating a number of cellular pathways, such as the DNA damage response, through control of post-translational protein modification. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a prot...
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The MEF2-HDAC axis controls proliferation of mammary epithelial cells and acini formation in vitro
Published: September, 2015

Abstract: The MEF2-HDAC axis is a master regulator of different developmental programs and adaptive responses in adults. In this manuscript we have investigated the contribution of the axis to the regulation of epithelial morphogenesis, using 3D organotypic...
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LXR-Mediated ABCA1 Expression and Function Are Modulated by High Glucose and PRMT2
Published: August, 2015

Abstract: High cholesterol and diabetes are major risk factors for atherosclerosis. Regression of atherosclerosis is mediated in part by the Liver X Receptor (LXR) through the induction of genes involved in cholesterol transport and efflux. In the context o...
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Runx1 Transcription Factor Is Required for Myoblasts Proliferation during Muscle Regeneration
Published: August, 2015

Abstract: Following myonecrosis, muscle satellite cells proliferate, differentiate and fuse, creating new myofibers. The Runx1 transcription factor is not expressed in naïve developing muscle or in adult muscle tissue. However, it is highly expressed i...
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